The Stacks project

Proof. Let $\mathcal{U} = \{ U_ i \to U\} _{i\in I}$ and $\mathcal{V} = \{ V_ j \to V\} _{j\in J}$. The morphism $f$ consists of a map $U\to V$, a map $\alpha : I \to J$ and maps $f_ i : U_ i \to V_{\alpha (i)}$. Likewise, $g$ determines a map $\beta : I \to J$ and maps $g_ i : U_ i \to V_{\beta (i)}$. As $f$ and $g$ induce the same map $U\to V$, the diagram

is commutative for every $i\in I$. Hence $f$ and $g$ factor through the fibre product

Now let $s = (s_ j)_ j \in H^0(\mathcal{V}, \mathcal{F})$. Then for all $i\in I$:

where the middle equality is given by the definition of $H^0(\mathcal{V}, \mathcal{F})$. This shows that the maps $H^0(\mathcal{V}, \mathcal{F}) \to H^0(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$ induced by $f$ and $g$ are equal. $\square$