The Stacks project

Proof. We will show that $V(I) = \text{Supp}(M)$.

Suppose $\mathfrak p \in \text{Supp}(M)$. Then $M_{\mathfrak p} \not= 0$. Choose an element $m \in M$ whose image in $M_\mathfrak p$ is nonzero. Then the annihilator of $m$ is contained in $\mathfrak p$ by construction of the localization $M_\mathfrak p$. Hence a fortiori $I = \text{Ann}(M)$ must be contained in $\mathfrak p$.

Conversely, suppose that $\mathfrak p \not\in \text{Supp}(M)$. Then $M_{\mathfrak p} = 0$. Let $x_1, \ldots , x_ r \in M$ be generators. By Lemma 10.9.9 there exists an $f \in R$, $f\not\in \mathfrak p$ such that $x_ i/1 = 0$ in $M_ f$. Hence $f^{n_ i} x_ i = 0$ for some $n_ i \geq 1$. Hence $f^ nM = 0$ for $n = \max \{ n_ i\} $ as desired. $\square$