Lemma 76.18.2. Let $S$ be a scheme. Consider a commutative diagram
of thickenings of algebraic spaces over $S$. Assume
$X'$ is flat over $B'$,
$f$ is flat,
$B \subset B'$ is a finite order thickening, and
$X = B \times _{B'} X'$ and $Y = B \times _{B'} Y'$.
Then $f'$ is flat and $Y'$ is flat over $B'$ at all points in the image of $f'$.
Proof. Choose a scheme $U'$ and a surjective étale morphism $U' \to B'$. Choose a scheme $V'$ and a surjective étale morphism $V' \to U' \times _{B'} Y'$. Choose a scheme $W'$ and a surjective étale morphism $W' \to V' \times _{Y'} X'$. Let $U, V, W$ be the base change of $U', V', W'$ by $B \to B'$. Then flatness of $f'$ is equivalent to flatness of $W' \to V'$ and we are given that $W \to V$ is flat. Hence we may apply the lemma in the case of schemes to the diagram
of thickenings of schemes. See More on Morphisms, Lemma 37.10.2. The statement about flatness of $Y'/B'$ at points in the image of $f'$ follows in the same manner. $\square$
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