Theorem 59.83.10. If $k$ is an algebraically closed field, $X$ is a separated, finite type scheme of dimension $\leq 1$ over $k$, and $\mathcal{F}$ is a torsion abelian sheaf on $X_{\acute{e}tale}$, then
$H^ q_{\acute{e}tale}(X, \mathcal{F}) = 0$ for $q > 2$,
$H^ q_{\acute{e}tale}(X, \mathcal{F}) = 0$ for $q > 1$ if $X$ is affine,
$H^ q_{\acute{e}tale}(X, \mathcal{F}) = 0$ for $q > 1$ if $p = \text{char}(k) > 0$ and $\mathcal{F}$ is $p$-power torsion,
$H^ q_{\acute{e}tale}(X, \mathcal{F})$ is finite if $\mathcal{F}$ is constructible and torsion prime to $\text{char}(k)$,
$H^ q_{\acute{e}tale}(X, \mathcal{F})$ is finite if $X$ is proper and $\mathcal{F}$ constructible,
$H^ q_{\acute{e}tale}(X, \mathcal{F}) \to H^ q_{\acute{e}tale}(X_{k'}, \mathcal{F}|_{X_{k'}})$ is an isomorphism for any extension $k'/k$ of algebraically closed fields if $\mathcal{F}$ is torsion prime to $\text{char}(k)$,
$H^ q_{\acute{e}tale}(X, \mathcal{F}) \to H^ q_{\acute{e}tale}(X_{k'}, \mathcal{F}|_{X_{k'}})$ is an isomorphism for any extension $k'/k$ of algebraically closed fields if $X$ is proper,
$H^2_{\acute{e}tale}(X, \mathcal{F}) \to H^2_{\acute{e}tale}(U, \mathcal{F})$ is surjective for all $U \subset X$ open.
Proof.
The theorem says that in Situation 59.83.1 statements (1) – (8) hold. Our first step is to replace $X$ by its reduction, which is permissible by Proposition 59.45.4. By Lemma 59.73.2 we can write $\mathcal{F}$ as a filtered colimit of constructible abelian sheaves. Taking cohomology commutes with colimits, see Lemma 59.51.4. Moreover, pullback via $X_{k'} \to X$ commutes with colimits as a left adjoint. Thus it suffices to prove the statements for a constructible sheaf.
In this paragraph we use Lemma 59.83.4 without further mention. Writing $\mathcal{F} = \mathcal{F}_1 \oplus \ldots \oplus \mathcal{F}_ r$ where $\mathcal{F}_ i$ is $\ell _ i$-primary for some prime $\ell _ i$, we may assume that $\ell ^ n$ kills $\mathcal{F}$ for some prime $\ell $. Now consider the exact sequence
\[ 0 \to \mathcal{F}[\ell ] \to \mathcal{F} \to \mathcal{F}/\mathcal{F}[\ell ] \to 0. \]
Thus we see that it suffices to assume that $\mathcal{F}$ is $\ell $-torsion. This means that $\mathcal{F}$ is a constructible sheaf of $\mathbf{F}_\ell $-vector spaces for some prime number $\ell $.
By definition this means there is a dense open $U \subset X$ such that $\mathcal{F}|_ U$ is finite locally constant sheaf of $\mathbf{F}_\ell $-vector spaces. Since $\dim (X) \leq 1$ we may assume, after shrinking $U$, that $U = U_1 \amalg \ldots \amalg U_ n$ is a disjoint union of irreducible schemes (just remove the closed points which lie in the intersections of $\geq 2$ components of $U$). By Lemma 59.83.6 we reduce to the case $\mathcal{F} = j_!\mathcal{G}$ where $\mathcal{G}$ is a finite locally constant sheaf of $\mathbf{F}_\ell $-vector spaces on $U$.
Since we chose $U = U_1 \amalg \ldots \amalg U_ n$ with $U_ i$ irreducible we have
\[ j_!\mathcal{G} = j_{1!}(\mathcal{G}|_{U_1}) \oplus \ldots \oplus j_{n!}(\mathcal{G}|_{U_ n}) \]
where $j_ i : U_ i \to X$ is the inclusion morphism. The case of $j_{i!}(\mathcal{G}|_{U_ i})$ is handled in Lemma 59.83.9.
$\square$
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